Agaricus augustus (MushroomExpert.Com) (2024)

Agaricus augustus

[ Basidiomycota>Agaricales>Agaricaceae>Agaricus . . . ]

by Michael Kuo

This stunning species, sometimes called "the Prince," is fairly common in California and the Pacific Northwest. It grows under conifers, but is not usually a woodland species; it seems to prefer conifers growing near roads, paths, gardens, parks, and so on. Agaricus augustus is fairly easily identified by its large size, its scaly brown cap, and its strong odor, which is sharp and reminiscent of almonds. A few similar species can be eliminated by adding the Prince's white-then-brown (never pink) gills to the list of distinguishing features, along with its scaly stem.

Similar species can be found in other regions, including Agaricus julius in the Rocky Mountains, and Agaricus nanaugustus in the Midwest and eastern United States.

Thanks to Hazel Braeuer for collecting, documenting, and preserving a collection of Agaricus augustus for study; her collection is deposited in The Herbarium of Michael Kuo.

Description:

Ecology: Saprobic; growing scattered or gregariously under conifers, usually along roadsides or paths, or in lawns and gardens; summer and fall, or in winter and spring in warmer climates; West Coast. The illustrated and described collection is from British Columbia.

Cap: 10–35 cm; usually blocky and nearly cylindric at first, becoming convex to broadly convex or nearly flat; dry; whitish underneath a dense covering of brown to dark brown, fibrillose scales; bruising yellow, at least near the margin.

Gills: Free from the stem; close or nearly crowded; white when young, becoming grayish brown and eventually dark chocolate brown to blackish (without a pink stage); covered when in the button stage with a whitish, cog-wheeled partial veil that features brownish scales.

Stem: 10–20 cm long; up to 4 cm thick; more or less equal; often rooting; adorned with a large, skirtlike, whitish ring; whitish and fairly bald above the ring, but below the ring covered with whitish to faintly brownish scales.

Flesh: White; unchanging when sliced.

Odor and Taste: Odor strong, reminiscent of almonds; taste similar.

Chemical Reactions: KOH yellow on cap surface.

Spore Print: Dark chocolate brown.

Microscopic Features: Spores: 8–10 x 4.5–6 µm; ellipsoid, with a fairly prominent apiculus; smooth; thick-walled; brown in KOH; brown in Melzer's reagent. Cheilocystidia up to about 30 x 10 µm; mostly subglobose to more or less cylindric. Pileipellis a cutis with bundles of uplifted brown, septate elements.


REFERENCES: Fries, 1838. (Saccardo, 1887; Smith, 1975; Smith, Smith & Weber, 1979; Arora, 1986; Kerrigan, 1986; McKnight & McKnight, 1987; Phillips, 1991/2005; Lincoff, 1992; Nauta, 2001; Miller & Miller, 2006; Kuo, 2007; Knudsen, Lange & Knutsson, 2008; Trudell & Ammirati, 2009; Desjardin, Wood & Stevens, 2015; Siegel & Schwarz, 2016.) Herb. Kuo 06281405.


This site contains no information about the edibility or toxicity of mushrooms.

Agaricus augustus (MushroomExpert.Com) (1)

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Agaricus augustus (MushroomExpert.Com) (8)
Spores

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Agaricus augustus (MushroomExpert.Com) (2024)

FAQs

Where can I find Agaricus Augustus? ›

Habitat: On the ground, most often under conifers in various types of forests. Saprophytic. Geographic distribution: Known from western North America, Europe and north Africa6. Collections from the Rocky Mountains are now called Agaricus julius.

What is the common name for Agaricus Augustus? ›

Agaricus augustus, known commonly as the prince, is a basidiomycete fungus of the genus Agaricus.

How to identify Agaricus augustus? ›

It grows under conifers, but is not usually a woodland species; it seems to prefer conifers growing near roads, paths, gardens, parks, and so on. Agaricus augustus is fairly easily identified by its large size, its scaly brown cap, and its strong odor, which is sharp and reminiscent of almonds.

What are the key points of Agaricus? ›

Agaricus members are distinguished by their fleshy pileus or cap, from the bottom of which several radiating gills or plates grow and produce the naked spores. Their chocolate-brown spores set them apart from other Agaricaceae family members. Short-lived primary mycelium originates from hom*okaryotic basidiospores.

What are the poisonous look alikes of Agaricus augustus? ›

Toxic lookalikes include Amanitas which stain yellow when bruised or emit bad odor. Another similar-looking toxic species is Agaricus moelleri.

Can you eat Agaricus Augustus? ›

The Prince is a highly-prized edible species and can be used in any recipe calling for large cultivated (Portobello) mushrooms. It is great in rissotto dishes and omelettes, and it certainly has more than enough flavour to make tasty soups or sauces to be served with meat dishes.

Are any Agaricus poisonous? ›

Agaricus is a genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species, with possibly over 300 members worldwide.

What is the English name for Agaricus? ›

Recommended English names for fungi
Current scientific nameRecommended English name
Agaricus bisporusCultivated Mushroom
Agaricus bitorquisPavement Mushroom
Agaricus bohusiiMedusa Mushroom
Agaricus bresadolanusParkland Mushroom
222 more rows

What is the generic name for Agaricus? ›

For many years, members of the genus Agaricus were given the generic name Psalliota, and this can still be seen in older books on mushrooms.

What mushroom smells like almonds? ›

This Agaricus species is native to North America and was regarded as a choice edible and cultivated. It is part of the Agaricus sub section containing the horse mushroom (Agaricus arvensis) and the Prince. These all have an almondy smell.

Where can I find Agaricus? ›

Although some Agaricus mushrooms are mycorrhizal (i.e. they grow in association with certain types of tree), most of the commonly foraged varieties are considered to be grassland fungi, growing in pastures, fields and paddocks, such as Horse and Field Mushrooms.

What disease does Agaricus cause? ›

Liver disease: Agaricus mushroom might cause liver disease or make it worse. Don't use it if you have liver disease. Surgery: Agaricus mushroom might lower blood sugar. This might interfere with blood sugar control during surgery.

What is a fun fact about Agaricus? ›

Agaricus bisporus accounts for about 90% of mushroom production in the United States, and 40% worldwide. bisporus is the classic grocery store mushroom. It goes by a variety of common names, including: “button mushroom,” “white mushroom,” “crimini,” and “portabella” (there are a variety of spellings for portabella).

What are the benefits of Agaricus mushroom? ›

Agaricus mushroom is used for cancer, type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, “hardening of the arteries” (arteriosclerosis), ongoing liver disease, bloodstream disorders, and digestive problems. Other uses include prevention of heart disease, weakened bones (osteoporosis), and stomach ulcers.

Where can I find mushroom Islands? ›

Mushroom fields generate in areas where the continentalness values are the lowest, meaning they always generate as islands very far away from major landmasses, and are bordered by deep ocean biomes (which have the second-lowest continentalness values) of any temperature.

Where do you find Agaricus Bisporus? ›

Agaricus does grow wild, typically in fields or lawns but all of the Agaricus mushrooms sold in stores are grown on a controlled medium and in a controlled environment, often in caves or underground structures, not so much for the darkness but because of constant temperatures and high humidities.

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