Finally Make Silky, Low-Fuss Vinaigrette That Won't Separate (2024)

Yes, everybody makes basic cooking mistakes. Like, say, something as simple as overcooking mushrooms or toasting grains and spices. Below, reader Carol confesses her dressing woes to associate food editor Rick Martinez. Here’s Martinez's advice for making sure it never happens again. Welcome to Effed it Up.

Dear Rick,

Last time I made vinaigrette, it wouldn't emulsify for love nor money. I suspect the binding agent I used—an onion, mustard, and garlic spice blend from La Boîte à Epices—was too coarse. My vinegar to oil ratio was one to two. I even tried whisking, mixing, and industrial mixing, but that sucker just wouldn't emulsify. Bah! What went wrong here? Was there anything else I could've done?

Thanks,
Carol

Dear Carol,

I hope you skipped the gym that day. It sounds like you got quite a whisking workout from that broken vin.

But it also sounds to me like you didn't have enough surfactant in that vinaigrette. Sur...what? Allow me to explain: As you no doubt know, oil and water do not mix, and will eventually separate even after industrial mixing. A surfactant is the scientific name for an emulsifier, a.k.a. something that attracts both water and oil molecules and binds them together. These emulsifiers allow for the creation of a vinaigrette that is creamy and won't separate—truly a beautiful thing. But, in order for the vinaigrette, to "stay together," you have to have the right amount of an emulsifier.

Canal House Classic Vinaigrette. Photo: Hirsheimer & Hamilton

Hirsheimer & Hamilton

If you were to dress a salad with straight up oil and vinegar, the oil would cling to and coat the greens, while the vinegar would slide right off and puddle up in the bottom of the bowl. Each bite would be oily and flavorless...until the end when you would essentially have...pickled lettuce. The emulsion keeps the two together so that every bite of lettuce has the perfect amount of richness from the oil and kick from the acid.

The most common emulsifiers in your kitchen are likely egg yolks, mayonnaise, prepared mustard (preferably Dijon), honey, and tomato paste (though I'm not a fan of raw tomato paste, the flavor works quite well in a vinaigrette). For a more neutral flavor, use mayonnaise. I don't use yolks in my vinaigrettes (no, not because of the raw egg), because they will cause the vinaigrette to foam up; the residual bubbles will pretty much stay there, even after you dress your salad. Honey is doable, and it helps balance out acidity, but it's best application is as an additive to another primary emulsifier, such as Dijon. Think of it as more insurance against breaking.

Rick geeks out about surfactants—and now you do too. Photo: Rick Martinez

Rick Martinez

Finally Make Silky, Low-Fuss Vinaigrette That Won't Separate (2024)

FAQs

Finally Make Silky, Low-Fuss Vinaigrette That Won't Separate? ›

Here's how to fix a broken vin on-the-spot should such chaos ensue: Whisk in 1 tsp. mayonnaise for every ½ cup of vinaigrette and, magically, it'll come together and no one will be the wiser.

How to stop vinaigrette splitting? ›

The key to success is to incorporate emulsifying ingredients into your water base, so it will trap and hold the oil droplets. Add the oil in a slow, steady stream as you whisk or process it, so the stream of oil is broken into tiny droplets as soon as it enters the mix.

How do you keep homemade salad dressing from separating? ›

1/4 Part Molasses – When you add molasses to your salad dressing it's going to help emulsify all the ingredients together. The flavor doesn't overpower the dressing because the acid will cut through the molasses flavor.

Why did my vinaigrette separate? ›

A broken sauce or vinaigrette occurs when the emulsion, which is the mixture of two or more ingredients that don't naturally mix together, separates and forms distinct layers. This can happen due to improper balancing of fat and acid, overmixing, or temperature fluctuations.

How do you fix separated dressing? ›

You can do this by placing a teaspoon of lemon juice (or water) in a clean bowl and adding a small amount of the broken emulsion, whisking to form another, stable emulsion. Once that emulsion forms, drizzle in the rest of the broken sauce, whisking constantly.

What are some common mistakes to avoid when making vinaigrette? ›

12 Mistakes Everyone Makes When Making Homemade Vinaigrette
  • Estimating measurements for all ingredients. inspiredbyart/Shutterstock. ...
  • Using the wrong oil. ...
  • Using the wrong vinegar. ...
  • Leaving out the emulsifier. ...
  • Skipping the mustard. ...
  • Forgetting to check expiration dates. ...
  • Not using fresh herbs. ...
  • Using vinaigrette only on salad.
Aug 18, 2022

What emulsifies a vinaigrette? ›

Emulsifiers mix easily with both oil and water and act as the glue that keeps your vinaigrette from separating. Common ingredients used as emulsifiers in vinaigrettes include Dijon mustard, honey, egg yolks, tomato paste or even roasted garlic (some are better emulsifiers than others).

What is the secret to preparing a good vinaigrette is balance between fat acid and other seasonings? ›

In short, the only real secret to preparing a good vinaigrette is to achieve a balance in fat, acid, and other seasonings. Proportion In most cases, the ratio of three parts oil to one part vinegar by volume achieves the desired balance for a vinaigrette.

Why add oil to vinaigrette? ›

You will produce an even more thicker, creamier, and more stable vinaigrette.

How do you choose the right oil for a vinaigrette? ›

Generally speaking, any oils labeled "vegetable oil" or "salad oil" are fine for making a basic vinaigrette. You could also use any light, neutral-flavored oil like safflower, canola, or soybean oil. One of the most common variations is to substitute olive oil for salad oil.

How to emulsify olive oil and balsamic vinegar? ›

Slowly add olive oil to a balsamic while whisking vigorously, which disperses and suspends minute droplets of one liquid throughout the other to make a thick, satiny liquid. For a vinaigrette, the usual ration of balsamic to EVOO is 1:3.

How do you stabilize salad dressing? ›

By incorporating mustard into your salad dressing, you provide a stabilizing agent that helps maintain the emulsion, ensuring a consistent texture throughout. Additionally, mustard's sharp and tangy flavor adds depth to the dressing, enhancing its overall taste.

How do you make a vinaigrette that doesn't separate? ›

Add Emulsifiers

Adding an emulsifying agent is critical. These keep normally incompatible oil and vinegar combined by coating the surface of water droplets, preventing them from merging with one another and helping them remain suspended in oil.

What is the stabilizer in a vinaigrette? ›

Technically speaking, a vinaigrette is an emulsion, just like hollandaise sauce. An emulsifier is used in a vinaigrette to stabilize the oil and vinegar. Common emulsifiers include egg yolks, soy lecithin, and mustard. These ingredients all include lecithin--the stabilizing compound.

Does balsamic vinaigrette separate? ›

You can even suspend it permanently by whisking in an egg yolk. These other ingredients also make the vinaigrette thicker and creamier. But rest assured, it's perfectly normal for vinaigrettes to separate and doesn't mean that anything has gone wrong!

What can you use to emulsify vinaigrette? ›

Emulsifiers mix easily with both oil and water and act as the glue that keeps your vinaigrette from separating. Common ingredients used as emulsifiers in vinaigrettes include Dijon mustard, honey, egg yolks, tomato paste or even roasted garlic (some are better emulsifiers than others).

Why does salad dressing separate into layers? ›

In the case of oil and vinegar, the vinegar is polar and more dense than the oil, so it settles on the bottom of the container. The oil is nonpolar and less dense, so it doesn't dissolve in the vinegar, and it floats on top.

How to keep oil from separating? ›

To prevent the mixture from separating substances called emulsifiers can be added. These help to form and stabilise the emulsions, preventing or slowing the water and fat/oil from separating.

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