How to brine a turkey (2024)

Traditional turkey recipes advise basting a turkey to keep the moisture in. While basting can have good results, it’s not guaranteed to stop your turkey drying out and you can end up with slightly soft, streaky skin. Modern turkey recipes instead recommend dry brining, which is much more likely to result in a juicy turkey with crisp skin. See our ultimate guide for how to cook a turkey for more advice on prepping your festive feast.

What is brining?

Brining means adding flavour, moisture and an improved texture to raw poultry and meat, and it works through osmosis (which you may remember from school science classes). Brine is essentially a salty liquid. When you immerse a turkey in it, the water already held within the flesh will exchange with the brine until they are both equally salty. As salt is drawn into the turkey, it will start to break down the proteins within the meat, loosening them. As the turkey cooks, the proteins won't tighten up as much, helping keep the meat moist.

Drier, leaner meats benefit from brining, so try this method with turkey crowns and breasts as well.

Dry brining vs wet brining

You can wet brine a turkey by soaking it – or completely covering it – in a salt solution.

Dry brine a turkey by rubbing salt all over it. With a dry brine, the salt will initially draw the moisture out of the turkey, then the salty liquid formed will be reabsorbed, taking some salty flavour with it. It will also dry out the skin, which helps it crisp up in the oven.

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Dry brining is easiest, as you can put the turkey in a bag or container that only just fits it. With a wet brine, you need to use a bucket or very large container in order to fit both the turkey and liquid. You can add flavour such as herbs, spices, garlic and citrus zest to both wet and dry brines, and the flavours will be drawn into the meat.

How to brine a turkey (1)

How to wet-brine a turkey

  1. Make the brine solution: This is usually composed of the same ratio of salt to water. Use about 50g coarse salt to 1 litre water.
  2. Don't brine for longer than necessary, or you will end up with salty, mushy meat. Calculate 1 hour per 500g meat.
  3. Dissolve the salt then cool the brine: The easiest way to make and cool a brine quickly is to heat half the amount of water you need with the salt and any aromatics. After the salt has dissolved, add the rest of the water, making sure it is as cold as possible – it should be completely cold before you use it.
  4. Keep the turkey cool: Keep the turkey in the fridge while you brine it.

Try the above, or have a go at this 5% brine recipe:

Simple 5% wet turkey brine

Makes 2 litres

200g coarse salt
100g golden caster sugar
2 bay leaves
5 peppercorns
1 orange, zested

  1. Put all the ingredients in a pan and add 1 litre of water. Bring to a simmer and stir to dissolve the sugar and salt.
  2. Add 1 litre cold water and leave the brine to cool completely.

Top turkey dry brine recipes

How to brine a turkey (2)

Brined roast turkey crown & confit legs
Dry brined turkey with the legs cooked separately is an easy way to make a perfect Christmas meal.

Moist turkey crown with chestnut truffle stuffing
This turkey crown is brined before extra flavours are added in the stuffing that's pushed under the skin.

Christmas turkey with clementine & bay butter
Rub your turkey with salt to dry brine it.

Jerk turkey
This Caribbean twist on a roast dinner uses jerk and all-purpose seasoning to brine the turkey before marinating.

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More turkey advice

How to cook a turkey
How to carve a turkey
Best ever Christmas turkey recipes
How to cook a turkey crown
Complete Christmas dinner menus

How to brine a turkey (2024)

FAQs

How to brine a turkey? ›

If you don't have room in your refrigerator, you can use a cooler lined with a roasting bag—but you will need to make sure the water temperature remains below 40 degrees throughout the process. If you plan to brine your for 4 to 5 hours, use a brine proportion of 1 cup Morton Coarse Kosher Salt to 1 gallon water.

What is the ratio of salt to water for brining a turkey? ›

If you don't have room in your refrigerator, you can use a cooler lined with a roasting bag—but you will need to make sure the water temperature remains below 40 degrees throughout the process. If you plan to brine your for 4 to 5 hours, use a brine proportion of 1 cup Morton Coarse Kosher Salt to 1 gallon water.

Do you rinse a turkey before putting it in brine? ›

Do NOT wash the bird prior to brining. Washing raw poultry can cause cross-contamination — raw juices that can contain harmful bacteria spilling onto other foods or splashing on countertops. Prepare the brine by mixing ingredients until all of the salt is dissolved.

Can you over brine a turkey? ›

Brining for too long can result in meat that tastes overly-salty and has a spongy texture. If you're not ready to roast the bird after 18 hours, remove it from the brine, rinse it, pat it dry, and refrigerate for up to two days.

What is the best brine method? ›

Dry-brining is our preferred method for seasoning both large and small pieces of meat, poultry, and sometimes even seafood. Along with producing juicy, flavorful results, dry-brining also helps us get better Maillard browning and crispy skin.

Is turkey rinsed after brining? ›

Do You Rinse a Turkey After Brining? You should always rinse the turkey after wet or dry brining. Once rinsed, you can let the turkey air dry, uncovered, in the refrigerator for several hours, or pat it dry with a paper towel.

Is brining a turkey worth it? ›

One key reason is the taste—whether you wet-brine or dry-brine, using all! that! salt! infuses the bird with flavor, giving it an extra boost before you add any spices or aromatics. It also helps the meat retain its moisture and can help you avoid over-cooking, our associate food editor Kelsey Youngman explains.

What is the best salt brine ratio? ›

Tips & Techniques > Salt Ratios for Brining
  • Standard Brine: 2 tablespoons table salt per liter or quart of water/liquid.
  • Moderate Brine: 3 tablespoons table salt per liter or quart of water/liquid.
  • Strong Brine: 4 to 5 tablespoons table salt per liter or quart of water/liquid.

Can you use too much salt when dry brining a turkey? ›

With a dry brine for turkey, you can't really overdo it, but you'll probably want to max out the salt-covered rest at three full days before moving your bird to a preheated oven.

Are butterball turkeys brined? ›

Butterball Fresh Whole Turkey is all natural*, never frozen, gluten free, and raised without hormones on American farms. Every fresh turkey is pre-brined before packaging for meat that's always tender and juicy. *All natural means minimally processed and no artificial ingredients.

Does the turkey need to be fully submerged in brine? ›

Be sure that the brine is cold before adding the thawed turkey. Place the turkey and brine in a brining bag or non-corrosive food-safe container, making sure the turkey is fully submerged in the liquid. Cover and keep in the refrigerator for the recommended amount of time.

Do you have to refrigerate while brining a turkey? ›

Refrigerate, uncovered, for at least 24 hours and up to 2 days (the turkey needs ample time to dry off after its long bath).

Do you still season a turkey after brining? ›

After brining, remove from liquid and discard remaining brine. Rinse and pat your bird dry. Place the turkey in a roasting pan and generously seasoning the outside and cavity with salt and pepper.

How far in advance should I brine turkey? ›

Dry-brining for more than 24 hours will produce even juicier and better-seasoned meat. To brine longer than 24 hours, loosely cover turkey with plastic wrap or cheesecloth before refrigerating, to prevent excess moisture loss through evaporation. Let rest for up to three days.

Does brining turkey make it salty? ›

If you brine it any longer than 24 hours the turkey will be too salty. Do you have to refrigerate a turkey while brining it? Yes!

How long can you soak a turkey in brine? ›

Refrigerate, uncovered, for at least 24 hours and up to 2 days (the turkey needs ample time to dry off after its long bath). Now, all that's left to do is cook that bird. We promise crispy skin and juicy meat, no basting necessary.

Do you season turkey after brining? ›

Do you season turkey after brining? Brine is very salt-rich, so there's no reason to add salt to a brined turkey. You can add your favorite dry rub, herbs or spices to the turkey after it brines, or you can add flavor to the turkey later by serving it with a compound butter.

Is it better to brine a turkey wet or dry? ›

Turkeys that have been wet brined often yield slightly less brown skin due to more water in the skin. Dry brines work by drawing out moisture in the turkey at the beginning of the brining process, but then the moisture will redistribute with the infused flavors towards the end of the process and during cooking.

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