Making a perfect pie crust is both art and science. It can take some practice to unlock this skill, but assembling the dough is only part of the equation. The rest comes down to properly baking it, and one simple technique that can help ensure a better bake is docking, the culinary term for poking holes in a pie crust. Here’s what you need to know.
Docking can be called for in recipes where par- or blind-baking the crust is required. This can be the case for single-crust pies — never double-crust pies, such as your standard apple — in which the filling is cooked only for a short time, such as quiche, or does not go into the oven at all, such as pudding pies.
With docking, the holes allow steam to escape, so the crust should stay flat against the baking dish when it isn’t held down by pie weights or a filling. Otherwise the crust can puff up, not only impacting appearance but also leaving you with less space for whatever filling you have planned.
I should also point out that you don’t need to dock your pie crust at all. Pastry expert Stella Parks recommends blind-baking rolled crusts low and slow, weighed down by sugar the entire time instead of removing the weight partway through a shorter cook time as other recipes instruct. While Parks’s method eliminates a step — I love streamlined cooking! — it requires double the baking time, which you might want to avoid, particularly during the summer.
If and when it comes time to dock, there are tools you can purchase, but a fork works just fine. After you’ve formed and crimped the crust into your pie plate or tart pan, simply use the tines of a fork to prick holes all over. (Don’t forget the sides!) Then proceed with baking as instructed, leaving you with a pristine, crisp crust for all of your pie and tart needs.
FAQs
PIE DOUGH RULES
As important as not overmixing is staying chilled, literally!! That means keeping all elements cold— your counter, ingredients, hands, heart (just kidding!). No, but seriously, cut up your butter into little cubes and chill them before you incorporate them into the flour.
What is the number 2 most important thing when making pie crust? ›
#2—Add cold water
Before you start making the dough, fill a glass with ice and water. Add the ice water gradually to the dough, about one tablespoon or so at a time, and stop when the dough is just moist enough to hold together when a handful is squeezed.
How do you get a crispy crust on the bottom of a pie? ›
Choose the Right Rack in the Oven
Which rack you use in the oven can help ensure a crisp crust. Baking the pie on a lower rack will concentrate heat on the bottom of the pie and help the crust crisp.
What would happen if you did not dock your pie crust? ›
With docking, the holes allow steam to escape, so the crust should stay flat against the baking dish when it isn't held down by pie weights or a filling. Otherwise the crust can puff up, not only impacting appearance but also leaving you with less space for whatever filling you have planned.
Should I poke holes in frozen pie crust? ›
Pricking holes in the rolled-out pie dough allows the steam to escape while it's baking. Without this, the steam would puff up in bubbles and pockets throughout the crust, which would make some parts of the crust cook too quickly and also result in an uneven surface for your filling.
Should I poke holes in the bottom of my pumpkin pie crust? ›
Yes! It's a technique called “docking” pastry, and it helps let steam escape the crust when baking so that it doesn't puff up. You can do it with a fork: Picture courtesy of The Spruce Eats.
What's the secret to a good pie crust? ›
1. Use Very Cold Butter or Fat. Butter, shortening, lard, or suet—whatever fat the recipe calls for should be well-chilled and cut into small pieces to start with for the flakiest crust in the end. The fat in a pie crust must maintain some of its integrity in the dough to make the crust truly flaky.
Is pie crust better with butter or crisco? ›
“My preferred fat for pie crusts will always be butter. To me, it is all about flavor, and no other fat gives flavor to a crust like butter does. Other fats, even though they have great pros, lack flavor,” De Sa Martins said. “The more flavorful the butter, the more flavor your pie crust will have,” Huntsberger added.
What should one avoid when making a pie crust? ›
The Most Common Pie Crust Mistakes (And Ways To Avoid Them)
- The ingredients are too warm. ...
- The pie dough is overworked from excessive mixing or rolling. ...
- The pie dough isn't given enough time to relax and chill. ...
- The pie dough is shrinking down the sides of the pan.
Water, however, is absorbed much less easily into flour proteins when the temperature is colder. That's why purists recommend cold ingredients, cold equipment and marble boards. Keeping the butter cold also helps when making short crust pastry because it doesn't melt into the flour when you are working it in.
Traditionally, what you're looking for in a pie crust are three basic things: you want it to be fully cooked through, without any doughiness between the filling and the bottom crust, you want the crust to be light and flaky with discernible layers, and, of course, you want there to be a rich, buttery flavor.
Should butter be cold when making pie crust? ›
In order to ensure that the finished crust is super flaky, pie crust always starts with cold butter. That way, the butter will remain in solid chunks in the dough that evaporate into layers during baking. Good!
What does it mean to dock the dough? ›
What does it mean to “dock” your pie dough? The process of docking is simple: It involves rolling out your dough, then pricking a bunch of holes across the surface with a fork or a docker.
How do you vent the top crust of a pie? ›
The simplest way to add vents to a top crust is by cutting slits in it with a sharp knife. Four or five 2-inch slits, arranged circularly, radiating from the center toward the edges, should be plenty. You can use your finger to widen the slits slightly.
How long to prebake pie crust? ›
For a pie that will need no further baking, like a chocolate cream pie, bake the crust until it's evenly browned and crisp-looking, 30-45 minutes if you used pie weights or beans and 60-75 minutes if you used sugar.
How do you keep the bottom of a pie crust from sticking? ›
Non-stick spray, butter, or shortening in the pie dish, on the other hand, will prevent sticking — but since most pie and tart crusts are pretty heavy on the butter already, you shouldn't need a lot of, if any, grease to get the job done. Using too much, or the wrong kind, can change the texture of your pie dough.
