It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (2024)

There's no standardized system for food dating in this country. So is it really any wonder why dates on packaged foods are a bit, baffling? Approximately 40 states require dates on some perishable foods, like meat and dairy, so nowadays, you're likely to see your groceries labeled. But spoiler alert (pun intended): most food products are safe to consume past the date on the label, according to the USDA's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS).

In order to reduce food waste, FSIS recommends that regardless of the date, consumers should evaluate the quality of the food before deciding to eat it or throw it away. (The one exception: Federal law requires a date on all infant formulas for safety and it should always be followed.) So what exactly do expiration dates mean then, and is it safe to eat food past the expiration date?

How Long You Can Store (Almost) Anything in the Fridge and Freezer

With help from experts and product manufacturers, Real Simple compiled this simple guide to reading expiration dates and when to worry about food safety, so you can shop smarter and waste less.

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (1)

How to Read Expiration Dates

Depending on where you live, you may see different dates on your food and each has a different purpose. Here's a bit of clarity based on information from the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) and FSIS.

Best If Used By/Before: This is a quality assurance date and serves as a "suggestion" for when the taste and quality of food are at their peak. It is not a purchase or safety date.

Use By: This is the suggested date by when you should eat the food. But just because it's a day or two past the use-by date doesn't mean that consuming it will make you sick, although you should evaluate the quality of the food yourself after this time. It is not a safety date, except when used on infant formula.

Sell By: This is not a safety date, but rather a date for retailers that helps them determine how long an item should remain on the shelf. According to the IFT, "one-third of a product's shelf-life remains after the sell-by date for the consumer to use at home."

Freeze By: According to the USDA, this date indicates when a product should be frozen to maintain peak quality. It is not a purchase or safety date.

How Long Are Foods Good After the Expiration Date?

"With an exception of infant formula, if the date [on your food] passes during home storage, a product should still be safe and wholesome if handled properly until the time spoilage is evident," according to FSIS. You can tell if a food is spoiled if it has an off odor, flavor, or texture.

With that in mind, here are the recommended expiration date guidelines for common foods thrown away too early.

The Secret to Storing Every Type of Fruit and Vegetable

Food Expiration Date Chart

EggsEat within 3 to 5 weeks when refrigerated
YogurtEat within 2 weeks when refrigerated; within 2 months when frozen
MilkDrink within 1 week (opened) when refrigerated; within 3 months when frozen
ButterEat within 3 months when refrigerated; within 6 months when frozen
BaconEat within 2 weeks (unopened) or 1 week (opened) when refrigerated; within 1 month when frozen
Cold cuts, packagedEat within 2 weeks (unopened) or 5 days (opened) when refrigerated; within 2 months when frozen
Hot dogsEat within 2 weeks (unopened) or 1 week (opened) when refrigerated; within 1 to 2 months when frozen
KetchupEat within 6 months (opened) when refrigerated; can store in pantry for 1 year (unopened)
MayonnaiseEat within 2 months (opened) when refrigerated; can store in pantry for 3 months (unopened)
Jams and jelliesEat within 6 months (opened) when refrigerated; can store in pantry for 1 year (unopened)
Rice and dried pastaEat within 2 years
Beer, bottles and cansDrink within 1 day (opened) when refrigerated; can store in pantry for 9 months (unopened)
Soda, bottles and cansDrink within 2 days (opened) when refrigerated; can store in pantry for 6 months (unopened)

How Long Does Canned Food Last?

Yes, canned food can go bad. According to the USDA, high-acid canned goods, like tomatoes and citrus fruits, will keep for up to 1.5 years. Low-acid canned goods—that's pretty much everything else, including vegetables, meat, and fish—will last for up to 5 years, which makes them some of the top emergency foods to stockpile.

Canned foods are sterile, so they won't host bacteria, but eventually, the taste and texture of the items inside will deteriorate over time. Keep them at room temperature in a dark place (as you would with oils and spices), like a cabinet or a pantry, and avoid buying bulging, rusted, leaking, or deeply dented cans as they have a higher chance of being spoiled. Using an organizing tool in the same vein as a spice rack can help you keep track of your canned food to ensure proper rotation.

How Long Does Frozen Food Last?

Items from the freezer section are safe to eat indefinitely. They have expiration dates because they won't taste good forever; flavor and texture break down over time. Once you open a bag of frozen peas or corn, pour out a portion rather than reaching in with your hand, which can introduce bacteria. (Bacteria can't grow in the freezer, but they can survive. If you don't cook an item after you defrost it, the bacteria could still be dangerous.)

Here's the Best Way to Store Food in the Freezer

How Long Do Leftovers Last?

Have a giant pot of chili that would feed a team of football players? Invite them over. According to the USDA, most refrigerated leftovers last 4 days, tops. Dishes that contain seafood or uncooked ingredients, like mayonnaise, spoil faster; so be sure to eat them within a couple of days. Don't let uneaten food linger on the counter for more than 2 hours. The longer a dish sits at room temperature, the more susceptible it is to bacteria growth. It's fine to put warm food in the refrigerator or freezer. When handling a dish that will take many hours to cool fully—a huge stockpot full of stew, say—transfer it to several smaller containers first.

Meanwhile, leftover meals you store in the freezer should be tossed in 3 to 4 months. After that, they can become icy and start to take on the flavors of other foods in the freezer.

Food Storage Guidelines Chart

Are you still concerned your food has gone bad? Consult our handy food storage guide, and find out how long everything lasts in the fridge, freezer, and pantry. You can even print out the charts below and put it up on the fridge for future reference. This first one covers all things dairy, including cheese, yogurt, and milk.

Dairy

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (2)

Meat, Poultry, & Seafood

Here, you can get information about meat, poultry, and seafood.

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (3)

Pantry

This chart covers pantry items, including rice, pasta, and condiments.

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (4)

Produce

Finally, refer to this chart for information about storing fruits and vegetables.

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (5)

See Also
AskUSDA

Frequently Asked Questions

  • What is the standard expiration date format for foods?

    The standard format is MMDDYY, where “MM” refers to the month, “DD” refers to the date, and “YY” refers to the year. So if a product says 101525, it means that the product expires on October 15, 2025.

  • Is it safe to buy food on its expiration date?

    Generally speaking, yes, it is safe to buy food on its expiration date. Expiration dates have more to do with the food's overall quality and texture instead of when it is safe or not safe to eat. As long as there are no signs of spoilage, you can eat it, but it might not taste as fresh as it once was.

  • What foods can you not eat after the expiration date?

    While most shelf-stable foods are safe to eat much longer than their expiration date. The same goes for frozen foods, as bacteria cannot grow in the freezer. But things like milk, cheese, fresh vegetables, and fruit should not be eaten past their prime because they can harbor bacteria that can be dangerous to your body. This is caused by the natural breakdown of organic matter. You'll also be able to tell that these foods have gone bad based on their appearance and smell.

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Sources

Real Simple is committed to using high-quality, reputable sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts in our articles. Read our editorial guidelines to learn more about how we fact check our content for accuracy.

  1. USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service, Food Product Dating. Accessed Jan. 18, 2023.

  2. Institute of Food Technologists (IFT), ScienceDaily, The Difference Between "Use-By" "Sell-By" and "Best-By" Dates. Accessed Jan. 18, 2023.

  3. USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service. Shelf-Stable Food Safety. Accessed Jan. 18, 2023.

  4. USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service, Leftovers and Food Safety. Accessed Jan. 18, 2023.

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (2024)

FAQs

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok? ›

Sell-By Date: Refers to the last day a retailer can display a product for sale; typically a food is safe to eat for 10 days after the Sell-by Date if refrigerated properly. Use-By Date: Refers to the last day a product will maintain its optimum freshness, flavor, and texture.

How long can you eat expired food after expiration date? ›

According to Jennifer Kaplan, former food systems instructor at the Culinary Institute of America in St. Helena, California, expiration dates are "a manufacturer's vague estimate of when the product is at its 'freshest. ' Many foods will still be good to eat days, weeks, or months after those dates," she says.

Is it safe to eat food after the expiry date? ›

Most shelf-stable foods are safe indefinitely. In fact, canned goods will last for years, as long as the can itself is in good condition (no rust, dents, or swelling). Packaged foods (cereal, pasta, cookies) will be safe past the 'best by' date, although they may eventually become stale or develop an off flavor.

What foods can you not eat after the expiration date? ›

But things like milk, cheese, fresh vegetables, and fruit should not be eaten past their prime because they can harbor bacteria that can be dangerous to your body. This is caused by the natural breakdown of organic matter. You'll also be able to tell that these foods have gone bad based on their appearance and smell.

Can I eat a ready meal 3 days out of date? ›

food with a use-by date needs to be chilled. food cannot be supplied or served after its use-by date. high-risk ready-to-eat food should be kept for a maximum of 3 days in total (the day it is cooked or opened plus 2 days) unless there is evidence that it is safe to keep it for longer.

Will I be OK if I ate expired food? ›

Most cases of consuming expired food won't lead to serious health issues. Your body is often equipped to handle small amounts of bacteria or toxins in expired food without significant harm. Assess Symptoms: If you start feeling unwell after consuming expired food, pay attention to any symptoms you experience.

Can you eat eggs 2 months out of date? ›

"Those expiration dates are on some egg cartons to make sure that retailers don't keep eggs on shelves past a certain date," Maloberti says. "However, eggs can be safely eaten two to three weeks past that date. Depending on where [you live], the expiration date may be labeled as Sell By, Use By, Exp. By or Best By."

Can you eat expired food if it hasn't been opened? ›

Are Foods Safe to Eat After the Date Passes? With an exception of infant formula (described below), if the date passes during home storage, a product should still be safe and wholesome if handled properly until the time spoilage is evident (Chill: Refrigerate Promptly).

Does peanut butter go bad? ›

According to the National Peanut Board, unopened, commercially processed peanut butter lasts for up to 9 months in the pantry, while opened conventional peanut butter lasts up to 3 months in the pantry and up to 9 months in the refrigerator.

Does unopened ketchup go bad? ›

Yes, ketchup can go bad. If unopened, commercial ketchup “can last for up to a year in your pantry,” says Okegbe, but once opened and refrigerated, it should ideally be consumed within six months. If left in the pantry once opened, use up the ketchup within a month to be safe.

What two foods never expire? ›

12 Nonperishable Foods That Really Never Expire
  • Baking soda: Lasts indefinitely, though it can lose its leavening power over time. ...
  • Beans and legumes (dried, in general). ...
  • Corn syrup.
  • Hard liquor.

Can you drink milk that is expired? ›

Because dates are applied to ensure quality, milk is more than likely safe to drink beyond the date printed on the package. Regardless of the printed date, the best way to determine whether milk is spoiled is with a simple sniff test.

Can water expire? ›

Water is a natural substance and does not go bad, however the plastic water bottle will degrade over time and begin to leach chemicals into the water, which is why it is always important to choose BPA free bottled water. ✅ How long can you keep bottled water?

How long out of date can you eat? ›

Sell-By Date: Refers to the last day a retailer can display a product for sale; typically a food is safe to eat for 10 days after the Sell-by Date if refrigerated properly. Use-By Date: Refers to the last day a product will maintain its optimum freshness, flavor, and texture.

What are the signs of eating out of date food? ›

Symptoms of food poisoning include:
  • feeling sick (nausea)
  • diarrhoea.
  • being sick (vomiting)
  • stomach cramps.
  • a high temperature of 38C or above.
  • feeling generally unwell – such as feeling tired or having aches and chills.

Is it safe to eat bagged salad after use-by date? ›

According to the USDA, as long as the salad has been stored properly, it can be consumed up to a week after the use-by or expiration date on the package. But this doesn't mean that the salad will be in its best condition after this time frame.

How long does it take for expired food to make you sick? ›

The time it takes food poisoning symptoms to start can vary. Illness often starts in about 1 to 3 days. But symptoms can start any time from 30 minutes to 3 weeks after eating contaminated food. The length of time depends on the type of bacteria or virus causing the illness.

Can you eat sweets 2 years out of date? ›

Most candies do have expiration dates, but like most foods, these dates serve more as guidelines for when to consume them. It's generally fine to eat candy past its expiration date, though the quality and texture does decline after a certain point.

How long does meat last after the expiration date? ›

Meat/poultry/fish
Type of Fresh MeatRefrigerator (40 °F or below)Freezer (0 °F or below)
Hamburger, ground beef, turkey, veal, pork, lamb, mixtures of them & products made with any of these ingredients1 to 2 days3 to 4 months
Steaks3 to 5 days4 to 12 months
Chops3 to 5 days4 to 12 months
Roasts3 to 5 days4 to 12 months
3 more rows
Jul 30, 2024

How long is pasta good for after the expiration date? ›

Dry Pasta. Pasta won't spoil easily because it's a dry product. You can use it well past the expiration date, so long as it doesn't smell funny (egg pasta can produce a rancid odour). Generally, dry pasta has a shelf life of two years, but you can typically push it to three.

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