Updated on: Mar 1, 2016
Because of a weakened immune system during pregnancy, pregnant women should be cautious with her food choices.
The bacteria causing listeriosis, Listeria, is specifically dangerous as it can cause spontaneous abortion. Since certain cheeses may be contaminated, it is recommended to avoid their consumption during pregnancy.
The table below shows the different types of cheese to avoid and those that can be eaten without worry.
TO AVOID | SAFE TO EAT | |
Spreadable cheeses | – | Cream cheese (Philadelphia), melted cheese |
Soft cheeses | Made with raw / unpasteurized milk (ie: Chavignol goat cheese, coulommiers, chabichou Valençay) With moldy rind (eg. Camembert, brie) | Made with pasteurized milk (ie. Cottage, ricotta) |
Semi-soft cheeses | Made with raw / unpasteurized milk Made with pasteurized milk (eg Saint-Paulin, Havarti) Veined (eg .: blue, Roquefort) Some from pasteurized milk (ex .: bulk feta) | Made with pasteurized milk (eg. Mozzarella) |
Hard cheeses | Made with raw / unpasteurized milk | Made with pasteurized milk (eg. Cheddar, gouda, Swiss, parmesan, curds, etc.) Melted (eg. Kraft Singles, Velveeta) |
Semi-soft cheese, blue cheese and molded-rind cheese should be avoided even if prepared from pasteurized milk because they contain more moisture and are less acidic than hard cheeses. Therefore, they are a favorable environment for the growth of Listeria.
However, these cheeses can be eaten if they are cooked at home at a high temperature (74 ° C and more), which kills bacteria and makes food safe. Pregnant women must however ensure that the cheese is heated and is completely hot (or burning), and not only melted.
Références
Gouvernement du Canada. (2014). La salubrité des aliments pour les femmes enceintes.
http://canadiensensante.gc.ca/eating-nutrition/safety-salubrite/pregnant-enceintes-fra.php
US Food and drug administration (FDA). Food safety for pregnant women.
http://www.fda.gov/food/foodborneillnesscontaminants/peopleatrisk/ucm312704.htm
Association canadienne de santé publique (ACSP). Les femmes enceintes et les aliments à plus haut risque.
http://salubritealimentaire.cpha.ca/fr/femmes-enceintes/haut-risque.html
National Health Service Choices (NHS Choices). Are hard cheeses safe to eat during pregnancy?
Ressources
Baby Center. (2014). Quels fromages manger pendant la grossesse ? Lesquels éviter ?
INSPQ. (2016). Mieux vivre avec notre enfant de la grossesse à deux ans, guide pratique pour les mères et les pères. Québec; Institut de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ).
In collaboration with the Dispensary workers
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